5 – The trajectory of the tibial nerve
The tibial nerve branches off the sciatic nerve in the popliteal fossa and descends in the midline in the deep part of the posterior compartment together with the posterior tibial artery and vein, continues distally through the tarsal tunnel (below the flexor retinaculum between the calcaneus and the medial malleolus) behind the medial malleolus and supplies cutaneous and muscular innervation via the medial and lateral plantar nerves to the plantar side of the foot and the sensory medial calcaneal branch to the medial side of the heel
It also supplies cutaneous innervation via the sural nerve.
The tibial nerve innervates the muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg: triceps surae, plantaris, popliteus, tibialis posterior, flexor digitorum longus, and flexor hallucis longus
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