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FM-quiz Gastric

FM-quiz Gastric

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Question 1 of 6

1. Question
Scanning technique and gastric sonoanatomy

Which of the following statements regarding scanning technique and sonoanatomy are correct? Select all that apply.
- Start with a sagittal scan in the epigastric area
- Place the patient in the left lateral decubitus position
- An empty or low content stomach typically has sonographicall visible internal folds
- An empty or low content transverse colon typically has sonographically visble internal folds
- Scanning in the supine position alone may underestimate gastric content leading to a “false negative” test
- A low frequency probe is preferred for all subjects except small children under 40 kg
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Question 2 of 6

2. Question
Gastric content assessment

Which of the following statements regarding gastric content assessment are correct? Select all that apply.
- The type of gastric content can be determined qualitatively with sonography
- Semi-sitting position is a suitable alternative to right lateral decubitus position to assess gastric content of the antrum
- The gastric content is overestimated in the supine position
- It is clinically important to differentiate between thick fluid and solid
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Question 3 of 6

3. Question
Sonographic assessment of empty stomach vs. clear fluid

Which of the following statements regarding sonographic assessment of empty stomach vs. clear fluid are correct? Select all that apply.
- When the stomach is empty, the antrum is collapsed and either round or ovoid in cross-section
- Sometimes an empty stomach carries a high risk of aspiration
- Clear fluid appears hyperechoic (white) on ultrasound
- Ultrasound can accurately differentiate between different types of clear fluid (e.g. water vs. clear gastric secretions)
- Clear fluid in the antrum never carries a high risk of aspiration
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Question 4 of 6

4. Question
Assessment of thick fluid/solid in the stomach

Which of the following statements regarding assessment of thick fluid/solid are correct? Select all that apply.
- Thick fluid or solid in the stomach only carries a risk of aspiration when the volume is > 1.5 mL/kg
- Thick fluid or solid gastric content suggests a non-fasted state and a high risk of aspiration
- Thick fluids (eg milk or yoghurt) appear hyperechoic and homogenous
- Solid particulate content appears hyperechoic and homogenous
- Solid particulate content appears heterogeneous with large and small particles
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Question 5 of 6

5. Question
Assessment of gastric volume

Which of the following statements regarding gastric volume assessment are correct? Select all that apply.
- The gastric volume is best assessed in the supine position
- The cross-sectional area (CSA, in cm2) correlates linearly with squared volume of gastric fluid
- The estimate of gastric fluid volume depends on CSA and age
- The estimate of gastric fluid volume is independent of age
- No visible antral fluid in neither supine nor RLD position, correlates with negligible gastric fluid volume
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Question 6 of 6

6. Question
Interpretation of findings

Which of the following statements regarding interpretation of findings are correct? Select all that apply.
- An empty stomach compatible with fasting can present either as truly empty or a low volume <1.5 mL/kg of clear fluid content
- An empty stomach compatible with fasting can present either as truly empty or a low volume <1.5 mL/kg of clear or thick fluid content
- Risk of aspiration always has to be assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively
- The gastric volume model discussed has been validated for all non-pregnant adults of any BMI
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